τομή

τομ-ή, ἡ, ([etym.] τέμνω)

A end left after cutting, stump of a tree, ἐπεὶ δὴ πρῶτα τομὴν ἐν ὄρεσσι λέλοιπεν [τὸ σκῆπτρον] Il.1.235; ῥιζῶν τομαί the ends of the roots (left by cutting away the tree), S.Fr.534.5 (anap.); ὀπὸν . . στάζοντα τομῆς ib.2; δοκοῦ τ. end of a beam, Th.2.76;

ἡ τοῦ καλάμου τ. Thphr.HP4.11.7

, cf. Theoc.10.46; λίθοι ἐν τομῇ ἐγγώνιοι stones cut square, Th.1.93 (sed leg. ἐντομῇ) ; σκέψαι τομῇ προσθεῖσα βόστρυχον having fitted the lock to the place from which it was cut, A.Ch.229 (σκέψαιτο μὴ cod. M, distinxit Turnebus); πρὸς τὴν τ. μεταστρέφειν to the cut, Pl.Smp. 190e, cf. Arist.HA532a4.

b Ταύροιο τ. prob. = προτομή 1, Arat. 322.

2 Math., section, as a circle is the section of a sphere, a conic section of the cone, Arist.Mete.375b32, Pr.912a13, cf. App.Anth.4.74 ([place name] Synesius); with or without κοινή, the line in which two planes cut each other, Arist.Metaph.1060b14, Euc.11.16, Archim. Con.Sph.11, al., Apollon.Perg.Con.1.4, etc.; point of intersection of two lines, Archim.Spir.20, al., Ptol.Alm.3.3, etc.: abstract use, περὶ διωρισμένης τ. On determinate section, name of lost treatise of Apollon.Perg.; τὰ περὶ τὴν τ. the theorems about the section (sc. in extreme and mean ratio), Procl.in Euc.p.67 F.:—in conic sections, τομαὶ ἀντικείμεναι opposite sections, i.e. branches of hyperbola, Apollon.Perg.Con.2.15; συζυγεῖς τ. conjugate sections of hyperbolas, ib.17.

3 incision or insection between parts of an insect's body (whence their name of ἔντομα), Arist.PA682b25.

4 ἡ εἰς ἄπειρον τ. infinite divisibility, Epicur.Ep.1p.16U.

II cutting, cleaving, ἐν τομᾷ σιδάρου by stroke of iron, S.Tr.887 (lyr.);

πελέκεως τ. E.El.160

(lyr.);

φασγάνου τομαί Id.Or.1101

; cutting off or down,

ξύλου S.Tr.700

; vine-cutting, PCair.Zen. 736.29 (iii B.C.); cutting up,

εἰς τ. καὶ προσαγωγὴν χάλικος PPetr.3p.290

(iii B.C.); hewing,

λίθων IG12.336.7

, 11, SIG244 ii 58 (Delph., iv B.C.), IG42(1).106i19, al. (Epid., iv B.C.).

2 use of the knife in surgery, Hp.VC13;

ἢ καύσει ἢ τομῇ χρησάμενος Pl.R.406d

;

οὔτε τ. οὔτε καῦσις Hp.Art.62

;

σιδήρου τ. Sor.1.80

: pl., Pi.P.3.53, E.Fr.403.6;

τὰς θεραπείας . . διὰ καύσεών τε καὶ τομῶν Pl.Prt.354a

, cf. Ti.65b.

3 castration, Luc. Philops.2.

4 τ. φαρμάκων shredding of drugs, Conon 23.2.

5 pruning,

ἀμπέλων Thphr.CP3.14.2

, Paus.2.38.3.

6 σκυτῶν τ. cutting or shaping of leather, Pl.Chrm.173d.

7 αἱ τ. τῆς γῆς, i.e. canals, Lib. Or.18.232.

III severance, separation,

τ. καὶ διάκρισις Pl.Ti.61d

, cf. 80e; of number, division, Id.Lg.738a; τομὴν ἔχειν ἔν τινι to admit a distinction in . . , ib.944b; χρονικαὶ τ. distinctions of tenses, A.D.Synt.10.18; process of division (sc. μεγέθους), Nicom. Ar.1.2.

2 logical division, Pl.Plt.261a, Arist.APo.95b30, Metaph. 1038a28, Gal.10.899.

3 metaph., conciseness or precision in expression, Eun.VSp.461B.

4 τ. πράγματος, = decisio, Gloss.

IV a cut, wound, Arist.HA632a18, Aen.Tact.11.14: metaph., wound,

πόλις δεδεγμένη τ. Plu.Cor.16

, cf. Per.11.

2 caesura in verse, Aristid.Quint.1.24; more generally, break between successive words, Hermog.Id.2.10, Heph.15.2, al., Eust.740.1.

V edge, cutting power,

σιδήρου Arr.Tact.12.2

.